Molecular configurations include a sigma (σ) bond and a pi (π) bond where the very first bond atoms make a sigma bond and the second or third bond is a pi bond. The outcome is that boron needs 3 hybridized orbitals (2s, 2px, and 2py) to make the bond with three atoms of fluorine in a molecule BF3. When both s-orbital and 2p-orbitals come together to create sp2 orbitals.Īs a result of which there is still one p-orbital empty. Now, you have three single electrons in different orbitals, 2s, 2px, and 2py who can make single bonds. Hybridization is only possible when there are some empty orbitals and hence, in this case, the electrons can be arranged themselves by promoting to higher energy levels that are to 2p-orbitals. It states that only one lone electron is available to promote to higher energy level and make a bond with other atoms of F. Hybridization is the reason due to which the shape of a molecule changes.Īs per the electronic configuration of B, 2 atoms are in 1s-orbital, 2 are in 2s-orbital, and 1 in p-orbital are in-ground state of energy level formation. Fluorine too completes its last shell by making a bond with boron’s electrons.Īs per the molecular configuration of BF3, atoms of B take p-orbitals and s-orbitals turning into sp2 hybrid orbitals through a special process called hybridization. Thus, as per our collected data above, each fluorine must have 8 electrons to complete its octet and boron must have 6 electrons in total for marinating their stability.Ĭonsidering the exceptional case of boron, fluorine shares its electrons with boron to have 6 electrons. Hence, B makes 3 single bonds (6 electrons) with atoms of F.Īssign the remaining 18 valence electrons around in a way that each F consists of 6 electrons surrounding it. To get the number of lone pairs, calculate the difference between the number of valence electrons and the number of bonding pairs electrons.īefore placing electrons around the atoms to complete the octets, select the central atom.Īs per arrangements of elements in the table, B is the least electronegative than F. Now, find the total number of bonding electrons that are used for bonding in the Lewis dot structure.Ĭompute the difference between required electrons and total valence electrons.Ħ number of bonding pairs of electrons is equal to 3 covalent bonds formed between F and B atoms. To compute the required number of electrons that must share by each atom, F needs 8 electrons in its outermost shell and B needs most 6 valence electrons in its last shell. After computation, the result says that 24 valence electrons need to be shared to make a bond between atoms. In the compound, there is 1 atom of boron and 3 atoms of fluorine. It needs 6 valence electrons in its outermost shell. Hence, you can calculate the number of valence electrons of both the atoms using electronic configuration.Īs per the octet rule, born is an exceptional case. The atomic number of boron (B) and fluorine (F) is 5 and 9 respectively.Lone pairs (non-bonding pairs: when electrons do not participate in the formation of bonding between atoms).

Required number of electrons to complete octet.To learn about any Lewis dot structure of boron trifluoride BF3, you need to compute mainly four important things. The periodic table helps you to study various elements that include atomic number, valency, etc. Sharing electrons on each atom make a covalent bond.Make sure you follow the octet rule that says each atom must complete its last shell consisting of a total of 8 electrons.At first, make a single bond with the central atom.Identify the least electronegative atom and put it in central space.Find out the lone pairs (number of unpaired electrons) and bonding electrons (electrons that take part in the formation of a bond).Sum the product of the number of valence electrons of an atom to the number of the same atoms present in the molecule to get the total number of valence electrons of the compound.Count and calculate the number of valence electrons present in the last shell of an atom.Study the features of the periodic table that helps in finding the atomic number and informs about the electronegativity of the elements.Conclusion Points Related to Lewis Structure

Xef4 molecular geometry and angles